How Did Religion Change During The Renaissance

Mr. Giotto'southward Online Textbook » The Renaissance

	The Renaissance

The Renaissance 1350-1550

The Renaissance began in the city-states of Italy in the mid-1300s. The city-country of Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, which means "rebirth" in French. During this time, Italians, living closer to the Eye East and Greece, were introduced to classic literature and philosophy, like the Iliad and the Odyssey, too as the works of ancient philosophers like Plato. These texts were preserved by the Byzantines and Arabs of the Centre East.

Humanism was born during the Renaissance. The Middle Ages had always been an historic period of faith and fate. Now, after reading the ancient philosophers, some people in Italy began to think that swell things were possible through private achievement, this is what is chosen the Humanist movement. Francesco Petrarch was an early humanist who studied the aboriginal texts for inspiration. Humanism immune arts and literature to attain new heights during this time.

Italian
Italian city-states, Ad 1491

Giotto
Giotto'due south Admiration of the Magi

One of the near of import achievements of the Renaissance was the promotion of the arts. Wealthy businessmen became patrons and supported the efforts of diverse artists. During the early on Renaissance, the painter Giotto (1266-1337) used perspective (shading) to create life-like paintings. Earlier Giotto, the Byzantine, two-dimensional style was the norm. Although these paintings look lifeless, it was the religious message behind the painting that was considered important, not the fine art. Giotto rejected this idea and painted it with realism. Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo would follow Giotto and are the all-time-known artists from this menses.

Feudalism began to crumble during the Tardily Center Ages, every bit potent kings seized ability from their vassals. The Blackness Plague had wiped out many of the vassals, and their power weakened. King Ferdinand of Aragon married Queen Isabella of Castile, uniting the two kingdoms into one super-kingdom of Spain. In France, King Louis 11 divided and conquered his vassals, while in England, out of the ashes of the Wars of the Roses, Henry Tudor united the Houses of York and Lancaster. Knowing that the English people sought peace, Henry married off his sons and daughters to the ruling families of other countries, including Scotland and Spain. People began to go out feudal lands, heading to cities where they formed guilds. A order is a group of people who practice the same blazon of piece of work, similar making clothes.

The Roman Catholic Church as well began to lose its power equally church building officials bickered. At one point at that place were even two popes at the same time, each one claiming to be the true Pope. During the Renaissance, men began to challenge some of the practices of the Roman Catholic Church. An Englishman, named John Wycliffe, was one of the early on challengers. Wycliffe felt the Church should be poor, similar the early apostles of Jesus. Wycliffe also believed that the Bible should be translated into English, then people could empathize its message.

Wycliffe'south reforms made little divergence, just in the early 16th century, a man named Martin Luther changed the Church building forever. Luther, a Roman Cosmic priest in Federal republic of germany, posted 95 poor practices of the church on the door of a church in Germany. This document was called the 95 theses and was meant to point out how the Church building could be improved. One of the problems he saw was the selling of indulgences. An indulgence is a pardon or forgiveness for a sin that a person has committed. Pope Leo X at the fourth dimension was selling indulgences to heighten coin to build a grand new church building in Rome. An advance in applied science that helped to spread the message of Martin Luther was the invention of the moveable-type printing press past Johannes Gutenberg. Gutenberg, a German language, created the press that used movable type pieces for characters, rather than woodcuts of unabridged pages that had been used in presses in the past. Moveable-type made books faster and these books were less expensive than books made from woodcuts.

The Reformation

Martin Luther started a movement called the Reformation. Many people tried to reform the Church during the 1500s. When Pope Leo X ordered Luther's writings burned, many people sided with Luther and decided to interruption away from the Roman Cosmic Church. These break-abroad Christians are called Protestants because they were protesting the practices of the Cosmic Faith. All Protestants have one thing in common, they refuse to follow the Pope. Lutherans are the Protestant group that follows the teachings of Martin Luther. The Protestant motion divided Western European Christians into Cosmic and Protestant. Wars followed between Catholic and Protestant nations, as well as attempts to convert the people of the New World to each type of faith. The discovery of the New World by Europeans was a outcome of exploring and sailing to notice faster and safer trade routes to Asia than the long and dangerous country routes. The most successful movement by Catholics to end the tide of the Reformation was called the Jesuit motility. The Jesuits spread the Cosmic faith to people in Asia and Latin America. The Jesuits withal exist today, Mcquaid Loftier School, in Rochester, is a Jesuit school.

The ideas of the Renaissance arrived terminal to England, but following the Reformation, King Henry Eight of England decided to break away from the Catholic Church, creating the Anglican (English language) Church. Henry believed in a national church building without interference from the Pope in Rome. The Pope at the time refused to grant Henry Eight the divorce he needed from his start wife, Catherine of Aragon, to remarry, in hopes of having a son and heir to the throne. Had it not been for Martin Luther and the Protestant motility, we are left to wonder whether Henry Eight would accept been then bold every bit to take England leave the Cosmic religion, and make an enemy of Spain, the powerful Catholic state of his starting time married woman.

England's writer, William Shakespeare, contributed bully works during the Renaissance. His plays and poems are still read today and form the ground of many modern movie themes. Shakespeare wrote in the tardily 1500s and early 1600s, during the fourth dimension of England'southward Queen Elizabeth I, Henry VIII's girl. Romeo and Juliet may be his virtually recognizable play.

Copernicus' Heliocentric Theory

Views on science were also changing during the Renaissance. The Cosmic Church building had always accepted the findings of the aboriginal Hellenistic Greek named Ptolemy, that the earth was the center of the universe, and all the planets, moon, Dominicus, and stars circumduct effectually the stationary earth. This theory is called the geocentric, or earth-centered, theory. Nicolas Copernicus (from Poland) challenged this theory, he was convinced that the planets, including globe, revolved around the dominicus, and that the earth spun in its axis. Knowing that his findings would exist unpopular, Copernicus waited until he was dying to publish his work called On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres in 1543. In the 1600s, a man named Galileo, using a telescope saw that the planet Venus showed phases similar to the moon, proving that it revolved around the Dominicus. This supported Copernicus' Heliocentric, or Sun-centered, theory. For his findings, Galileo was sent to prison.

One of import fact to consider concerning the Renaissance is that only the wealthy took part in the advances and learning of the time; for the poor and the bulk of people, life continued on as it always had, with people working hard, with piffling time or money to enjoy the benefits of art and literature.

Disclaimer: By clicking on any links the user is leaving the Penfield School District website, the district is not responsible for whatever data associated with these links, including any pop-up ads.

Related Files

The Renaissance Read Aloud (MP3 seven.38 MB)

NEED HELP DOWNLOADING:

mp3 file: This is an sound file and can be opened with an sound player or editor such every bit QuickTime. Download the complimentary QuickTime Player for PC or Macintosh.